LEGAL FRAMEWORK TELECOMMUNICATION IN INDIA

Recently, The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) under the Ministry of Communications has invited input on the need to revise the legal framework governing the telecom sector.
It has also released a consultation paper which suggested the need for a new legal framework that is clear, exact, and in tune with the altering occasions and applied sciences.
The legal foundation for telecommunications in India is defined by laws created long before India’s independence.
Technology has advanced substantially in recent decades since the Indian Telegraph Act, came into force on October 1, 1885. Hence, the stakeholders have been demanding evolution of legal framework to keep it in tune with changing technology.

Suggestions

To evolve a new legal framework enabling spectrum utilization in a liberalized and technologically impartial method.
Also, guarantee flexibility to the central authorities for spectrum utilization in the public curiosity.
The law needs to contain provisions for re-framing and harmonization of the frequency range.
To further, simplify the framework for mergers, demergers, and acquisitions, or different types of restructuring.
To strike a crucial balance between continuity of service and safeguarding public interests.
Must have applicable provisions for addressing conditions of public emergency, and public security and for taking measures within the pursuits of nationwide safety.
In case of insolvency-related issues in the telecom sector, the focus should be on continuity of service.
The proceedings should not lead to suspension of license as long as the services continue to be provided, and there is no default in payment of dues against the telecom license or use of spectrum.

Status of the Telecom Sector in India

The telecommunications industry is divided into the following subsectors: Infrastructure, Equipment, Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MNVO), White Space Spectrum, 5G, Telephone service providers, and Broadband.
The Telecom industry in India is the second largest in the world with a subscriber base of 1.17 bn as of April 2022 (wireless + wireline subscribers). India has an of which,
The teledensity (the number of telephone connections for every hundred individuals living within an area) of the rural market, which is largely untapped, stands at 58.16% while the teledensity of the urban market is 134.70%.
The Telecom sector is the 3rd largest sector in terms of FDI inflows, contributing 7% of total FDI inflow, and contributes directly to 2.2 mn employment and indirectly to 1.8 mn jobs.
Between 2014 and 2021, the FDI inflows in the Telecom sector rose by 150% to $20.72 bn from $8.32 bn during 2002-2014.

Issues:

Declining Average Revenue Per User (ARPU): ARPU’s decline now is sharp and steady, which, combined with falling profits and in some cases, serious losses, is prompting the Indian telecom industry to look at consolidation as the only way to boost revenues.
Lack of Telecom Infrastructure in Semi-rural and Rural areas: Service providers have to incur huge initial fixed costs to enter semi-rural and rural areas.
Pressure on Margins Due to Stiff Competition: With competition heating up post entry of Reliance Jio, other telecom players are feeling the heat of a substantial drop in tariff rates both for voice call and data (more significant for data subscribers).

Way Forward

A proactive and facilitatory government role in the telecom sector is the need of the hour given the huge opportunities provided by the sector.
Independent and statutory body, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has an important role to play as a watchdog of the sector.

SOURCE: THE HINDU,THE ECONOMIC TIMES,MINT

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