GS 1 – GEOGRAPHY
Recent Development:
India’s Siachen Glacier, the world’s highest battleground, now has 4G and 5G services, enhancing communication for soldiers in extreme conditions and showcasing India’s focus on technology in strategic areas.
About Siachen Glacier:
- Geographical Location:
- Located in the Karakoram Range in the Himalayan region, known as the “Third Pole.”
- Lies between the Saltoro Ridge (west) and the main Karakoram Range (east).
- Originates at Indira Col West and spans as the world’s second-longest nonpolar glacier after the Fedchenko Glacier.
- Hydrological Significance:
- Source of the Nubra River, which feeds the Shyok River.
- Vital to the region’s freshwater reserves, contributing significantly to the “Third Pole” glacial ecosystem.
- Strategic Importance:
- Key Routes:
- North: Shaksgam Valley (ceded to China by Pakistan in 1963).
- West: Gilgit-Baltistan to Leh routes.
- East: Overlooks Karakoram Pass.
- Serves as a buffer zone against potential threats from Pakistan and China.
- Key Routes:
- Historical Context:
- Secured by India in Operation Meghdoot (1984), ensuring dominance over the glacier.
- Remains a contested zone with high-altitude military deployments by India and Pakistan.
Significance of Recent Development:
- Improved Communication: Facilitates real-time connectivity for military operations.
- Enhanced Logistics: Strengthens support in extreme conditions, where temperatures drop below -50°C.